GHK-Cu Overview

GHK-Cu (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine:copper(II)) is a naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide studied for its role in cellular signaling, tissue remodeling, and repair pathways. In laboratory and preclinical models, GHK-Cu has been associated with modulation of gene expression, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix activity, making it a valuable tool for research into regenerative biology.

Pickart L. et al. (2015).

History

GHK was first identified in the 1970s in human plasma, where it was observed to decline with age. Subsequent research demonstrated that complexing GHK with copper enhanced its biological activity, particularly in processes related to wound healing and tissue regeneration. Over the years, GHK-Cu has been extensively studied in models of skin biology, angiogenesis, and systemic regulation of gene expression.

Pickart L., Margolina A. (2018). 

GHK-Cu Structure

CAS #: 89030-95-5

Molecular Formula: C₁₄H₂₄CuN₆O₄

Molecular Weight: 340.9 g/mol

PubChem ID: 5311476

Research Findings

GHK-Cu has been studied in structural, dermatological, and systemic models, with research highlighting its effects on collagen synthesis, wound healing, and tissue repair. Studies also note its role in skin regeneration, hair growth, and anti-inflammatory activity in preclinical settings.

Key Areas of Research:

• Structural: collagen, matrix, connective tissue

• Dermatological: wound healing, skin regeneration, hair growth

• Systemic: inflammation, repair, recovery

Together, these findings suggest broad experimental potential for GHK-Cu across structural, dermatological, and systemic pathways. By supporting collagen formation and tissue repair while modulating inflammatory responses, GHK-Cu provides a versatile platform for research into regeneration, skin biology, and systemic recovery in laboratory models.

Pickart L. et al., 2015

References

Mao S, Huang J, Li J, et al. Exploring the beneficial effects of GHK-Cu on an experimental model of colitis and the underlying mechanisms. Front Pharmacol. 2025;16:1551843. Published 2025 Jul 2. doi:10.3389/fphar.2025.1551843

Wang X, Liu B, Xu Q, et al. GHK-Cu-liposomes accelerate scald wound healing in mice by promoting cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Wound Repair Regen. 2017;25(2):270-278. doi:10.1111/wrr.12520

Dou Y, Lee A, Zhu L, Morton J, Ladiges W. The potential of GHK as an anti-aging peptide. Aging Pathobiol Ther. 2020;2(1):58-61. doi:10.31491/apt.2020.03.014

Pickart L, Margolina A. Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(7):1987. Published 2018 Jul 7. doi:10.3390/ijms19071987